Personal pronoun merujuk kepada semua kata ganti yang mengindikasikan orang atau benda. Olehnya dalam bahasa Indonesia personal pronoun dikenal sebagai kata ganti orang.
Adapun yang dimaksud dengan personal pronoun adalah:
| Personal Pronoun - Dosen English | |
|---|---|
| English | Indonesian |
| I | Saya, Aku, Anda |
| You | Kamu, Anda |
| You | Kalian |
| We | Kami |
| They | Mereka |
| He | Dia (pria) |
| She | Dia (perempuan) |
| It | (benda) |
Beberapa Klasifikasi Personal Pronoun
Personal pronoun dapat dibagi berdasarkan jenis orangnya dan berdasarkan jumlah orangnya.
Untuk memudahkan teman-teman pelajar bahasa Inggris sekalian dalam memahami materi ini, Dosen English turut menambahkan klasifikasi personal pronoun berdasarkan to be dan bentuk waktunya (dalam penggunaannya pada kalimat nominal), dan berdasarkan verb atau kata kerja dan bentuk waktunya (dalam penggunaannya pada kalimat verbal). Selain itu, diberikan pula klasifikasi berdasarkan tenses dan aspects-nya.
| Berdasarkan Jenis Orangnya | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Orang Pertama (1st person) | Orang Kedua (2nd person) | Orang Ketiga (3rd person) | |
| Personal Pronoun | I, We | You, They | He, She, It |
Berdasarkan jumlahnya, personal pronoun dapat dibagi kedalam bentuk singular atau tunggal dan plural atau jamak.
| Berdasarkan Jumlahnya | ||
|---|---|---|
| Singular (Tunggal) | Plural (Jamak) | |
| Personal Pronoun | I, You, He, She, It | You, We, They |
Berdasarkan to be dan bentuk waktunya, klasifikasi personal pronoun digambarkan pada tabel berikut.
| Berdasarkan to be & Bentuk Waktunya | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Past | Present | Future | |
| I | Was | Am | Will be |
| He | Was | Is | Will be |
| She | Was | Is | Will be |
| It | Was | Is | Will be |
| You | Were | Are | Will be |
| We | Were | Are | Will be |
| They | Were | Are | Will be |
Berdasarkan bentuk waktu sederhananya, klasifikasi personal pronoun adalah seperti pada tabel berikut.
| Berdasarkan Verb dan Bentuk Waktu Sederhana | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Simple Past | Simple Present | Simple Future | |
| I | Went | Go | Will go |
| You | Went | Go | Will go |
| We | Went | Go | Will go |
| They | Went | Go | Will go |
| He | Went | Goes | Will go |
| She | Went | Goes | Will go |
| It | Went | Goes | Will go |
Berdasarkan aspect progressive (be + present participle), klasifikasi personal pronoun adalah sebagai berikut. Aspect progressive merupakan jenis kalimat yang menekankan bahwa yang sedang dibicarakan (fokus pada kata kerjanya) masih sedang berlangsung saat dibicarakan.
| Berdasarkan Aspek Progressive | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Past Progressive | Present Progressive | Future Progressive | |
| I | Was going | Am going | Will be going |
| You | Were going | Are going | Will be going |
| We | Were going | Are going | Will be going |
| They | Were going | Are going | Will be going |
| He | Was going | Is going | Will be going |
| She | Was going | Is going | Will be going |
| It | Was going | Is going | Will be going |
Berdasarkan aspect perfective, klasifikasi personal pronoun adalah sebagai berikut. Aspect perfective merupakan jenis kalimat yang menjelaskan sesuatu yang “telah” selesai dilakukan saat dibicarakan.
| Berdasarkan Aspect Perfective | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Past Perfect | Present Perfect | Future Perfect | |
| I | Had learned | Have learned | Will have learned |
| You | Had learned | Have learned | Will have learned |
| We | Had learned | Have learned | Will have learned |
| They | Had learned | Have learned | Will have learned |
| He | Had learned | Has learned | Will have learned |
| She | Had learned | Has learned | Will have learned |
| It | Had learned | Has learned | Will have learned |
Berdasarkan aspect perfect continuous, klasifikasi personal pronoun adalah sebagai berikut. Aspect perfect continuous merupakan jenis kalimat yang menekankan bahwa yang sedang dibicarakan (fokus pada kata kerjanya) telah dimulai pada suatu waktu sebelum dibicarakan, masih sedang berlangsung saat dan setelah dibicarakan. Dalam hal ini, kita belum mengetahui kapan kegiatan/peristiwa/aktivitas tersebut akan selesai.
| Berdasarkan Aspect Perfect Continuous | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Past Perfect Continuous | Present Perfect Continuous | Future Perfect Continuous | |
| I | Had been learning | Have been learning | Will have been learning |
| You | Had been learning | Have been learning | Will have been learning |
| We | Had been learning | Have been learning | Will have been learning |
| They | Had been learning | Have been learning | Will have been learning |
| He | Had been learning | Has been learning | Will have been learning |
| She | Had been learning | Has been learning | Will have been learning |
| It | Had been learning | Has been learning | Will have been learning |
Demikian pembahasan tentang personal pronoun. Jika ada poin yang kurang jelas, silahkan tanyakan melalui Facebook FansPage Dosen English.
